systems

Definition

The stack around a model — memory, interconnect, schedulers, data pipelines — rather than the model itself. Since throughput at scale depends as much on placement and communication as on the algorithm, this has become its own field, ML systems, judged on measured speed and utilisation rather than on accuracy. A paper with "systems" in the title is usually reporting engineering, not a new objective.

Explainers using this term

• Paper Explained: Agentic Artifact Creation — Where Generation Ends and Construction BeginsAgentic Artifact Creation: Systems, Evaluation, Principles, and Opportunities
• Designing Agent Memory — Short-Term, Long-Term, EpisodicMemGPT: Towards LLMs as Operating Systems
• Paper Explained: Co-Evolution in Agentic Systems — Three Stages Toward Self-Directed EvolutionCo-Evolution in Agentic Systems: Toward Self-Directed Evolution Beyond Human Design